Could scoring tailed and dumbbell-shaped nuclei increase the sensitivity of micronucleus analysis as a biomarker of radiation exposure?

Dwi Ramadhani; Arum  Wulansari; Viria Agesti  Suvifan; Isnaini  Farida; Wiwin  Mailana; Hartini Ahadiyatur  Ru’yi; Syarifatul  Ulya; Sofiati  Purnami; Mukh  Syaifudin

doi:10.23869/bphjbr.27.1.20218

Dwi Ramadhani Doctoral Program for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Arum Wulansari Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Viria Agesti Suvifan Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Isnaini Farida Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Wiwin Mailana Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Hartini Ahadiyatur Ru’yi Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Syarifatul Ulya Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Sofiati Purnami Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia
Mukh Syaifudin Research and Technology Center for Safety and Metrology Radiation, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.27.1.20218

Keywords: Biomarker, dumbbell-shaped nuclei, micronuclei, radiation, tailed nuclei

Abstract

In the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay, micronuclei (MNi), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), and nuclear budding (NBUD) are the most commonly analysed morphological types of nuclear abnormalities. In contrast, tailed and dumbbell-shaped nucleus have historically received little attention in the CBMN assay. Interestingly, the incidence of tailed and dumbbell-shaped nuclei in lymphocytes is closely related with that of dicentric chromosomes or NPBs in the CBMN assay. To provide a better picture of the implications and significance of tailed and dumbbell-shaped nuclei as markers of radiation exposure, a literature review was performed in this study. Twenty articles were found in PubMed, PubMed Central, and manually searched. The articles were screened and those that met the inclusion criteria and did not meet the exclusion criteria were reviewed by all authors. At the end, nine articles were included. In conclusion, the assessment of in vivo tailed nuclei in blood smears and accounting for the occurrence of dumbbell-shaped nuclei in the CBMN assay can increase the sensitivity of the CBMN assay for biodosimetry involving a high dose exposure.